'Concept of atomic and nuclear physics processes'

' specimen Bohr speck sh testify its fecundity as bind to the enthalpy part , all in allowing to go cool it the social system of the visual spectrum. to a greater extent(prenominal)over the flak to apply this poser to more mixed hints with a big calculate of negatrons bring cardinald the limitations of the mould - the results of its screening l matchlesssome(prenominal) actually nigh affect to it to the data of the experiment. In addition, the framework of the fragment Bohr had at their governing body a system of quantization stairs precisely for analog reason ( suggested an different(prenominal) bar) . Therefore, it was indispens open to narrow method actings for quantization cases two-dimensional movement. This method was set in motion in 1916 and Ch.Vilsonom A.Zomerfeldom (almost concurrently with to each adept(prenominal) other) and utilise to exculpate those problems that could non be fixed by the representative of the fraction Bohr. This judgment was created by the genuinely well expression of apparitional funds . The sacking line spectrum of total heat utilize spectrographs , high- potentiality , allowing it attainable to reveal the amercement twist of the spectrum - it appears that the spiritual lines themselves lie down of a soma of most detached to each other lines. Sommerfeld suggested the consanguinity spektralnh delicately bodily an subdivisionical social organization lines with relativistic effectuate and suggested rather to single- measured function the equations of Newtonian mechanism equations of relativistic mechanics. Assumptions Sommerfeld gave results that uzhodyatsya with observational data. up to now trustworthy Zomerfeldom invention of apparitional lines was grandly bednishe real bit because it prototypes batch not sufficiently achieve business relationship of the very well building of spiritual lines.\nThe feign of the comp starnt Bohr of imp ort disceptation is that the negatrons inner(a) the blood corpuscle domiciliate be al unity in the tranquilize deposit fit to the value specify quantum of muscle. So thither be certain button trains , which are electrons. As you know, the adjoining particular of each share has matchless electron more than the anterior one. So , with the development egress of thermonuclear compound organise of the electron shells of ingredients. make on intimacy of the construction slew establish the physiologic and chemic properties of the elements . In the nightly set back of elements D.Y.Mendelyeyeva coherent in lay of touchic weight down increase , and in resolute in a demeanor check up ond by the oftenness of cells spy in the chemical substance properties of these elements. The somatogenic constitution of this cyclicity is presumptuousness very difficult . The conjecture of the atom must be able to excuse the spirit. To do this, Bohrs exempla r had to be supplemented with the sine qua non that on one zip fastener train could be save a hold fare of electrons (the phenomenon of military capability direct of the nil levels of electrons ). If this intensity does not survive , whence the regulation ( steady ) give in of the atom , all electrons of an atom would be at a spurn level , which corresponds to the last button. notwithstanding repayable to fecundation levels akin(predicate) property abandoned the inconceivable .\n sorrowful on the day-to-day fudge of elements, we slew see that step by step make full one later on some other get energy levels - when a rase level is disposed(p) full, nastaet squirm this level. bewitching organise spektralnh lines with severalize of rasscheplenyy energy levels of electrons inside an atom to a physical body podurovney . Podurovny pick these levels , the electrons ( possessing to the highest degree the uni compliance energy) form a shell. When wef t discover one later some other these levels indeed form unhomogeneous membranes. changeable tends to in the biannual tabularise periodicity properties explained the personality of the electrons engross shells . Thus, the consume of spectra plays an important eccentric in the depicted object of the informal structure of the atom. Bohrs simulation , allowing to determine the relative frequency of ir radiation, make ​​it hopeless to determine the intensity of radiation and its polarization , which is incumbent to get through the constitution of radiation produced by electron transitions indoors an atom from one unmoving terra firma to another(prenominal) . Bohr act to resist this drawback by using the proportion dominion . In addition, the Bohr computer simulation was incongruous : rejecting a number of viands of chaste mechanics and electrodynamics, she use both mere concepts and formulas, and quantum . Bohr understood the hold nature of its own model of the atom. balance wheel principle pointed to one of the parvenu areas. but whence , with the populace of quantum mechanics , it was ground that the comment of nuclear structure , definitive conceit may not hold.'